In 1995 health care expenditure for treating osteoporotic hip fractures was approximately $8.7 billions. femoral neck fractures in about 3% to 5% occur in younger age group usually involved in high energy injuries. The remainder occur in elderly population usually related to osteoporosis.

 

Most commonly used classification of these fractures include Garden type 1 through 4, the OTA classification , and that of Pauwels type based on the angle of obliquity of the fracture line.

 

The primary intraosseous blood supply comes from terminal branch of medial femoral circumflex artery. The artery of ligamentum teres supplies  variable surface of the head of femur.

 

Special situations:                                                                                               
Impending pathological fractures-- Hemi or Total hip replacement
  Parkinsons                                 Hemi or THR
  Paget's disease                          THR or Hemi
  RA                                           THR or hemi